Understanding Cerebral Palsy: Supporting Students with Movement Disabilities

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that impact a person’s ability to move and maintain balance and posture. It’s the most common motor disability in childhood. The term “cerebral” refers to the brain, while “palsy” refers to muscle weakness or difficulty with movement.

CP is caused by abnormal brain development or damage to the developing brain—typically before or during birth—that affects muscle control and coordination. The severity of CP can vary widely from one person to another.

Some individuals with severe CP may need a wheelchair or lifelong support, while others with mild CP may walk independently with minimal support. While the symptoms of CP may shift or evolve over time, the condition itself does not worsen.