Disabilities
Understanding Epilepsy: Supporting Students at School and Beyond
Epilepsy affects nearly 3.4 million Americans and can deeply impact a student’s experience in the classroom. With the right knowledge and support, students with epilepsy can thrive in both learning and life.
What Is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a neurological condition that causes a person to experience recurring seizures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines epilepsy as a brain disorder that leads to sudden, temporary changes in brain activity. These changes—called seizures—can vary widely. Some may look like simple staring spells, while others involve shaking, collapsing, or loss of awareness.
A person is typically diagnosed with epilepsy after having two or more unprovoked seizures. While epilepsy can affect people of any age, it is more common in young children and older adults. It’s important to note that not all seizures mean a person has epilepsy. Fevers, dehydration, or substance withdrawal can also cause seizures that are not related to this condition.
Common Accommodations for Students with Epilepsy
Epilepsy can impact many aspects of a student’s school life—from memory and focus to physical safety and fatigue. Parents and educators should work together to determine if the child qualifies for an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or a Section 504 plan. Students with epilepsy often qualify under the “Other Health Impairment (OHI)” category of the IDEA.
Every student’s experience with epilepsy is unique. Their IEP or 504 Plan should reflect their individual needs. Below are examples of accommodations that may help:
To support memory and learning challenges:
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Offer written or pictorial instructions
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Use voice recordings of verbal directions
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Assign a peer note-taker or allow audio recording
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Break large tasks into smaller, manageable parts
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Use assignment checklists and visual calendars
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Focus on recognition-based tasks rather than memorization
To support physical and health-related needs:
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Allow flexibility with absences for treatment or medication adjustment
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Offer extra time on assignments or reduced workloads
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Replace fluorescent lights with full-spectrum alternatives
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Provide a private space to rest or recover from a seizure
Helpful Resources for Families and Educators
Find additional support, guidance, and community through these trusted epilepsy-focused organizations.